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<title>Push-button</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Push-button</span></span>

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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="Button_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Button (disambiguation)">Button (disambiguation)</a>.</div>

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</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Push-button</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="infobox-caption">Generic <a href="Arcade_game" title="Arcade game">arcade game</a> buttons</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Electronic_component#Classification" title="Electronic component">Component type</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Switch" title="Switch">Switch</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="Electronic_symbol" title="Electronic symbol">Electronic symbol</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="skin-invert-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table>

<p>A <b>push-button</b> (also spelled <b>pushbutton</b>) or simply <b>button</b> is a simple <a href="Electrical_switch" class="mw-redirect" title="Electrical switch">switch</a> mechanism to control some aspect of a <a href="Machine" title="Machine">machine</a> or a <a href="Process_(engineering)" title="Process (engineering)">process</a>. Buttons are typically made out of hard material, usually <a href="Plastic" title="Plastic">plastic</a> or <a href="Metal" title="Metal">metal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The surface is usually flat or shaped to accommodate the human finger or hand, so as to be easily depressed or pushed. Buttons are most often <a href="Switch#Biased_switches" title="Switch">biased switches</a>, although many un-biased buttons (due to their physical nature) still require a <a href="Spring_(device)" title="Spring (device)">spring</a> to return to their un-pushed state.

</p><p>Terms for the "pushing" of a button include <b>pressing</b>, <b>depressing</b>, <b>mashing</b>, <b>slapping</b>, <b>hitting</b>, and <b>punching</b>.

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<p>The "push-button" has been utilized in <a href="Calculators" class="mw-redirect" title="Calculators">calculators</a>, <a href="Push-button_telephone" title="Push-button telephone">push-button telephones</a>, <a href="Kitchen_appliances" class="mw-redirect" title="Kitchen appliances">kitchen appliances</a>, and various other mechanical and electronic devices, home and commercial.

</p><p>In industrial and commercial applications, push buttons can be connected together by a mechanical linkage so that the act of pushing one button causes the other button to be released. In this way, a stop button can "force" a start button to be released. This method of linkage is used in simple manual operations in which the machine or process has no <a href="Electrical_circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="Electrical circuit">electrical circuits</a> for control.

</p><p>Red pushbuttons can also have large heads (called mushroom heads) for easy operation and to facilitate the stopping of a machine. These pushbuttons are called <a href="Emergency_stop" class="mw-redirect" title="Emergency stop">emergency stop</a> buttons and for increased safety are mandated by the electrical code in many jurisdictions. This large mushroom shape can also be found in buttons for use with operators who need to wear <a href="Glove" title="Glove">gloves</a> for their work and could not actuate a regular flush-mounted push button.

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<p>As an aid for operators and <a href="End-user" class="mw-redirect" title="End-user">users</a> in industrial or commercial applications, a pilot light is commonly added to draw the attention of the user and to provide <a href="Feedback" title="Feedback">feedback</a> if the button is pushed. Typically this light is included into the center of the pushbutton and a <a href="Lens_(optics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lens (optics)">lens</a> replaces the pushbutton hard center disk. The source of the energy to illuminate the light is not directly tied to the contacts on the back of the pushbutton but to the action the pushbutton controls. In this way a start button when pushed will cause the process or machine operation to be started and a secondary contact designed into the operation or process will close to turn on the pilot light and signify the action of pushing the button caused the resultant process or action to start.

</p><p>To avoid an operator from pushing the wrong button in <a href="Error" title="Error">error</a>, pushbuttons are often <a href="Color-coded" class="mw-redirect" title="Color-coded">color-coded</a> to associate them with their function. Commonly used colors are red for stopping the machine or process and green for starting the machine or process.

</p><p>In <a href="Popular_culture" title="Popular culture">popular culture</a>, the phrase "the button" (sometimes capitalized) refers to a (usually fictional) button that a military or government leader could press to launch <a href="Nuclear_weapon" title="Nuclear weapon">nuclear weapons</a>.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Scram_and_scramble_switches">Scram and scramble switches</h3></div>

<p>Akin to <a href="Fire_alarm" class="mw-redirect" title="Fire alarm">fire alarm</a> switches, some big red buttons, when deployed with suitable visual and audible warnings such as flashing lights and sirens for extreme exigent emergencies, are known as "scram switches" (from the slang term <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/scram" class="extiw external" title="wikt:scram">scram</a>, "get out of here"). Generally, such buttons are connected to large scale functions, beyond a regular fire alarm, such as automated shutdown procedures, complete facility power cut, fire suppression like halon release, etc.

</p><p>A variant of this is the scramble switch which triggers an alarm to activate emergent personnel to proactively attend to and go to such disasters. An air raid siren at an air base initiates such action, where the fighter pilots are alerted and "<a href="Scrambling_(military)" title="Scrambling (military)">scrambled</a>" to their planes to defend the base.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div>

<p>Push buttons were invented sometime in the late 19th century, certainly no later than 1880.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The name came from the French word <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">bouton</i></span> (something that sticks out), rather than from the kind of <a href="Button" title="Button">buttons</a> used on clothing.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The initial public reaction was curiosity mixed with fear, some of which was due to widespread fear of electricity, which was a relatively new technology at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<ul><li><a href="Event-driven_programming" title="Event-driven programming">Event-driven programming</a></li>

<li><a href="Button_accordion" title="Button accordion">Button accordion</a></li>

<li><a href="Button_(computing)" title="Button (computing)">Button (computing)</a></li>

<li><a href="Keyboard_(computing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Keyboard (computing)">Keyboard (computing)</a></li>

<li><a href="Panic_button" title="Panic button">Panic button</a></li>

<li><a href="Placebo_button" title="Placebo button">Placebo button</a></li>

<li><a href="Push-button_telephone" title="Push-button telephone">Push-button telephone</a></li>

<li><a href="Reset_button" class="mw-redirect" title="Reset button">Reset button</a></li>

<li><a href="Shutter_button" title="Shutter button">Shutter button</a></li>

<li><a href="Turbo_button" title="Turbo button">Turbo button</a></li></ul>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thebuilderssupply.com/Push-buttons-and-much-more_b_14.html">"Push buttons and much more"</a>. thebuilderssupply.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 April</span> 2013</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFWills2021" class="citation web cs1">Wills, Matthew (2021-05-11). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://daily.jstor.org/when-the-push-button-was-new-people-were-freaked/">"When the Push Button Was New, People Were Freaked"</a>. <i>JSTOR Daily</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-01-09</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div>

<ul><li>Rachel Plotnick, <i>Power Button: A History of Pleasure, Panic and the Politics of Pushing</i>, MIT Press, 2018, <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9780262038232</bdi>, reviewed in David Trotter, "Making doorbells ring", <i><a href="London_Review_of_Books" title="London Review of Books">London Review of Books</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lrb.co.uk/v40/n22/david-trotter/making-doorbells-ring">22 November 2018</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

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<div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Push_buttons" class="extiw external" title="commons:Category:Push buttons">Push buttons</a></span>.</div></div>

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<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://demonstrations.wolfram.com/SpringReturnButton/">Spring Return Button</a> by Sándor Kabai, <a href="The_Wolfram_Demonstrations_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="The Wolfram Demonstrations Project">The Wolfram Demonstrations Project</a>.</li></ul>

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</style><div id="Switch_types16" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Switch" title="Switch">Switch</a> types</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Analogue_switch" title="Analogue switch">Analogue switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Banyan_switch" title="Banyan switch">Banyan switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Battery_isolator" title="Battery isolator">Battery isolator</a></li>

<li><a href="Cam_switch" title="Cam switch">Cam switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Centrifugal_switch" title="Centrifugal switch">Centrifugal switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Company_switch" title="Company switch">Company switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Contact_protection" title="Contact protection">Contact protection</a></li>

<li><a href="Crossbar_switch" title="Crossbar switch">Crossbar switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Crossover_switch" title="Crossover switch">Crossover switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Cryotron" title="Cryotron">Cryotron</a></li>

<li><a href="DIP_switch" title="DIP switch">DIP switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Dry_contact" title="Dry contact">Dry contact</a></li>

<li><a href="Electric_switchboard" title="Electric switchboard">Electric switchboard</a></li>

<li><a href="Float_switch" title="Float switch">Float switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Humidistat" title="Humidistat">Humidistat</a></li>

<li><a href="Infinite_switch" title="Infinite switch">Infinite switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Inertial_switch" title="Inertial switch">Inertial switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Kill_switch" title="Kill switch">Kill switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Key_switch" title="Key switch">Key switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Knife_switch" title="Knife switch">Knife switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Limit_switch" title="Limit switch">Limit switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Latching_switch" title="Latching switch">Latching switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Light_switch" title="Light switch">Light switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Lightning_switch" title="Lightning switch">Lightning switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Magnetic_proximity_fuze" title="Magnetic proximity fuze">Magnetic proximity fuze</a></li>

<li><a href="Magnetic_starter" title="Magnetic starter">Magnetic starter</a></li>

<li><a href="Magnetic_switch" title="Magnetic switch">Magnetic switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Mercury_switch" title="Mercury switch">Mercury switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Miniature_snap-action_switch" title="Miniature snap-action switch">Miniature snap-action switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Optical_transistor" title="Optical transistor">Optical switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Photoswitch" title="Photoswitch">Photoswitch</a></li>

<li><a href="Piezo_switch" title="Piezo switch">Piezo switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Placebo_button" title="Placebo button">Placebo button</a></li>

<li><a href="Pull_switch" title="Pull switch">Pull switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Push_switch" title="Push switch">Push switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Railroad_switch" title="Railroad switch">Railroad switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Reed_switch" title="Reed switch">Reed switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Rotary_switch" title="Rotary switch">Rotary switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Sail_switch" title="Sail switch">Sail switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Sea_switch" title="Sea switch">Sea switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Sense_switch" title="Sense switch">Sense switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Silicone_rubber_keypad" title="Silicone rubber keypad">Silicone rubber keypad</a></li>

<li><a href="Softswitch" title="Softswitch">Softswitch</a></li>

<li><a href="Spark_gap" title="Spark gap">Spark gap</a></li>

<li><a href="Staircase_timer" title="Staircase timer">Staircase timer</a></li>

<li><a href="Stepping_switch" title="Stepping switch">Stepping switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Strowger_switch" title="Strowger switch">Strowger switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Thermostat" title="Thermostat">Thermostat</a></li>

<li><a href="Time_switch" title="Time switch">Time switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Touch_switch" title="Touch switch">Touch switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Transfer_switch" title="Transfer switch">Transfer switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Vacuum_switch" title="Vacuum switch">Vacuum switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Vandal-resistant_switch" title="Vandal-resistant switch">Vandal-resistant switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Wireless_light_switch" title="Wireless light switch">Wireless light switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Zero_speed_switch" title="Zero speed switch">Zero speed switch</a></li></ul>

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This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2024-12-31" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Push-button&oldid=1266365244">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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